Does extraterrestrial life exist? It's a simple question but with a lot to elaborate on.
The simple answer is yes, but what does that mean? It means there are life forms elsewhere in the physical universe. This is inevitable. Planet Earth isn't a one-off fluke. Yes, it is unique, as is each seemingly separate life form within the planet. Unique but conforming to a pattern. There are patterns in life that show the underlying forces that create the universe. Planet Earth shows how life forms can develop from simple cells to complex interflowing systems that we call animals.
As a child I used to wonder why we weren't spherical, as it was the simplest perfect shape. Well, the spherical cell is where evolution begins. It then branches out, following the universal pattern of many from one. As well as cells multiplying and spreading, they unite and develop. So we see throughout this planet a pattern of life forms that have a core body with limbs that go outwards from the core. It's easily seen in trees, flowers, spiders, birds, mammals and humans. 'Many from One' is a universal pattern.
So it's inevitable that this universal pattern finds expression on other planets in the immense universe, of which Planet Earth is like a tiny speck. It's inevitable not only that life forms develop on other planets that have developed suitable environments, but also that the life forms may have a similar appearance to those on Earth.
It's worth mentioning what "life" is here. Generally we mean "life" to be the appearance of independent movement or expression. We may say that a flower is alive because it grows, it opens up, it turns towards the sunlight, it fades and dies. It is similar with animals and humans. Rocks, on the other hand, aren't considered to be alive, as they seem to have no individual movement or expression. It's a useful way of looking at life, but it's not really accurate. Another way to look at it is that Life is this, the whole world, the whole universe as an expression of Life itself or Being or Consciousness. From that perspective Life is everywhere.
But let's get back to the extra-terrestrial question. Putting aside the view of what life is, what the question tends to mean is: Are there other intelligent beings in the universe besides humans? We know that many animals are intelligent, but the question is really asking if there are life forms from elsewhere in the universe that are as intelligent as humans or more so. Again, the simple answer is yes. The development of intelligence isn't wholly by chance. As mentioned above, there is an underlying force in the universe that moves, changes and develops the appearance of the world. It is this force that causes life forms to rise up, interact and improve. Life forms are the expression of an intelligent life force that inspires evolution, from the simple to the complex, to the simple again. This will not only happen in one place in the vast universe. It is happening at many places all at once, at different rates and at different stages.
Then to another extension of the extra-terrestrial question: Does extra-terrestrial life visit Earth? Evidence would suggest the answer is yes. Currently in the US there is a disclosure process happening, whereby government, air force and navy whistleblowers have come forward to say that Non-Human Intelligence (NHI) is real and here on this planet, with accounts from credible witnesses of Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP) or UFO encounters, crash retrieval, reverse engineering of crafts, and recovered NHI bodies. The key term here is NHI, as it's not clear whether the lifeforms are from this planet, from other planets, or from other dimensions or realms not normally perceived by the human senses. The term 'alien' or indeed 'extra-terrestrial' may not be accurate enough. And it seems likely there are multiple species of NHI in and around the planet.
It may also be that these NHIs have lived on this planet for a long time, mostly in secret. Underwater sightings have been reported and UAPs have been observed to transition between air and water. As only a very small percentage of Earth's oceans has been explored by humans, there's a lot of space to hide in if you have the technology. How long would a being or species from another planet need to live on this planet before they are considered no longer alien? 10 years? 50 years? 200 years? 1000 years? There is no true dividing point.
There is a perspective in which any life form that arrives on Planet Earth and integrates with the planet becomes 'part of' the planet. In other words, if a being eats the food of the planet, drinks the water of the planet, breathes the air, develops in the planet's environment, and expels wastes that are recycled into the environment, then they are part of Planet Earth now.